Haloalkyl polyacyl glycosides



Patented Aug. 19, 1941 HALOALKYL POLYACYL GLYCOSIDES Harold W. Coles and Mar Pa., assignors to E. R. S

y L. Dodds, Pittsburgh, quibb &

Sons, New York,

N. Y., a corporation of New York No Drawing. Application October 20, 1938, Serial No. 236,045

8 Claims.

This invention relates to, and has for its object the provision of, certain haloalkyl polyacyl glycosides.

The glycosides of this invention are comprised by the general formula wherein R-O is the glycoside radicle of a polyacyl saccharide, R'is a member of the group consistingfof hydrogen, lower alkyl and halolower-alkyl, and n is an integer under 10, preferably under 5. The .glycoside radicle is, of course, the radicle formed by removal of the H from the terminal OH group of a sugar. These glycosides, which have been isolated in pure, crystalline form, are valuable as intermediates in the production of numerous derivatives, such as choline glycosides; those glycosides in which the glycoside radicle is that of a polyacyl disaccharide, and those in which R is a halo-loweralkyl are especially important.

The glycosides of this invention may be pre- ,pared by reacting an acylhalo sugar (e. g.

acetobromoglucose) with an alkylene halohydrin in the presenceof silver oxide or silver carbonatefpreferably the latter. The reaction may be effected in the presence of a solvent, for example benzene. It is desirable that the reactants be of a good grade of purity, especially that they con-t tain no appreciable amount of free acid. The reaction is preferably effected at room temperature, but may be effected at higher temperatures if due-caution is exercised. The usual acetobromo-sugar reactant may be replaced by the corresponding benzoylhaloor acylchloro-sugar. The following examples are illustrative of the invention:

EXAMPLE 1 Tetraaeetyl-p-d-lii-chloroethyl) glucos ide 25.2 g. ethylene chlorohydrin and 6 g. p-acetobromoglucose are mixed with 7.2 grams of silver carbonate. 7. A lively evolution of carbon dioxide acetyl-c-d-(p chloroethyl) glucoside starts to crystallize out. The crystallization is completed by immersion of the partly crystalline contents in ice-water. The crystals are then filtered oil. by means of a small Buchner funnel, and washed well with cold absolute alcohol. They may be recrystallized from a minimum of hot absolute alcohol.

The tetraacetyl-fl-d- (p-chloroethyl) -glucoside consists of needle-like crystals and has the probable formula oiomcrn-o-on HCOAc AcO- H HtJOAc lama:

in which the Ac represents the acetyl (CHsCO) EXAMPLE 2 Tetraacetyl-p-d- (gamma-chloropropyl) glucoside oiomonzonho on HCOAc AcOCH HCOAc a throne The :needle-likecrystals have a melting" point'of 74C. and a rotation in acetoneof ethylene bromohydrin are used instead of the ethylene chlorohydrin. This new glucoside crysflask and the reaction,

I darkness.

warmed for one hour on a water-bath.

vtallizers in the form of long needles of the probable formula:

IBI'CHzCHzO- i H HCOAc AcOCH HCOAc no CHzOAc The crystals melted at 117.3 C., and exhibited an I optical rotation value in acetone of M 5 20.5 EXAMPLE 4 r TetraacetyZ-p-d-(dHaromomethyZ-methyl) 6 g. of p-acetobromoglucose,'7.2 grams of silver carbonate and 68.1 grams of a, gamma-dibromogylcerol are Weighed out into an Erlenmeyer which is much slower than that with the monohalo-hydrins, is allowed to proceed overnight in total darkness. The flask contents are then cautiously warmed on a waterbath for one hour. l

The silver salts 'are then filtered 01?, and are washed with a small amount of hot absolute alcohol. The alcohol filtrate is then cautiously treated with distilled water to throw out the condensation product without throwing out the excess dibromoglycerol which is likewise insoluble in water; Gradual chilling of this alcohol-water solution, causes the formation of needles which are filtered by suction, washed with an ice-cold alcohol-watermixtureand are dried in a vacuum desiccator. These crystals melt at 107.5 C. This glucoside has the probable formula:

BrOHz (in-04 m BMJHQ HCOAc .Aco H.

- H OAc (micro EXAMPLE 5 Tetmacetyls-d-(di-chloromethyI-methyl) glucoside v 13 g. ,B-acetobromoglucose, 7.2 grams of silver carbonate and 20 grams of glycerol a, gammadichlorohydrin are allowed to react slowly with the evolution of carbon dioxide overnight in The mixture is then cautiously The silver salts are removed by filtration and are washed several times with hot ethyl alcohol to remove all of the condensation product. A

considerable amount of water is then added to the alcohol filtrate whereupon the condensation product is thrown out as a syrup. The supernatant water solution containing the excess dichlorohydrin is decanted, and the syrupy residue is taken up in warm alcohol. The alcohol solvent is gradually removed by suction whereupon crystals start to form. Water is cautiously added to complete the precipitation.

The crystals are obtained by suction and are Iwashed with a chilled alcoholewater mixture. For purification, the crystals are dissolved in a minimum of hot alcohol, and chilled gradually.

' They have a melting point of l223 C.

The probable structure of this glucoside is:

CIF-O-ll 01511, HCOAc AcOCH HCOAc JHQOAC EXAMPLE 6 TriacetyZ-B-d-(p-chloroethyl) wyloside 18 g. ethylene chlorohydrin, 5 .g. ,B-acetobromoxylose and 5g. silver carbonate are mixed together and are allowed to stand at room temperature in complete darkness for 24 hours. The filtrate, secured after removal of the silver salts and subsequent washings with alcohol, is treated V with a comparatively large amount of distilled water, I whereupon crystals of the desired glycoside will start to separate out on standing. Chilling with ice completes the precipitation. Theselong needles are filtered on to'a Biichner funnel, washed with ice-cold alcohol, andare dried inthe air. They are recrystallized from a minimum ofhot alcohol by the addition of a small amount of water; The crystals melt at 137 C. The probable formula is:

v CH2 H EXAMPLE 7: I Trz'acetyZ-p-d-(di-bromomethiilmethyl) :ryloside This glycoside is prepared in a manner similar t Example 4, except that fl-acetobromoxylose is used -1n place of 'p acetobromoglucose. The xyloside melts at l56-'7 C.

Its probable formula is:

B am (311-0-1 0 11- BrCHz HCOAc" AcOGH HooAc TriacetyZ -p-d-gamma-chloropropyl zryloside Thisxyloside is prepared according to the difrections given under,,Example 6, except that trimethylene chlorohydrin is employed instead of ethylene chlorohydrin. The crystals melt at Its probable formula is? Q EXAMP v V Tetrabeneoyl -c-d-(p-chloroethyl) glucoside This glucoside is obtained as the result ofthe reaction b'etween 18 g. ethylene chlorohydrin, 6

g. p-benzobromoglucose and g. silver carbonate. The reaction ismuch less vigorous than the corresponding reaction involving p-acetobromoglucose. The reactants are allowed to stand for 24 hours at room temperature in darkness and are 5 then warmed carefully on a water-bath for several hours. i

The silver salts are removed by filtration and washing with hot alcohol, and the alcohol filtrate is treated with a considerable amountofdistilled water which throws out the condensate as a syrup. The supematent liquid is decanted, the residue chilled and washed several times with water, and finally the syrupy residue is taken up in hot alcohol. Water is added and the solution is strongly chilled in ice whereupon the syrup partly crystallizes. On working up with ice and a glass rod, the crystallization will be practically complete. The cubical crystals melt at 59 C. The probable structure of this glucoside is:

HCOBz H( 0131 i Hi in which Bz represents the ,benzoyl (CsHsCO) radical.

ExAmrLE HeptaacetyZ-c-d-(p-chloroethyl) zactoside 18 g. of ethylene chlorohydrin, 6 g. ii-acetobromolactose (137 C.) and 5.2. silvercarbonate are allowed to react at room temperature in total darkness for .two days. The silver salts are removed by filtration and washedwith some hot absolute alcohol. A considerable amount of water is added to the filtrate, to which the wash alcohol has been added, whereupon a mobile syrup is thrown out of solution. The supernatant liquid is decanted, the mobile syrup is then taken up in a minimum of hot absolute alcohol, filtered, and iced distilled water is added cautiously to the alcohol. A cloudy liquid is produced, and a sticky solid comes out. The sticky solid, on rubbing with a glass rod and by treatment with ice, goes over completely to a solid condition. This solid, on removal and subsequent drying in, the air, is recrystallized from chloroform by the addition of petroleum ether. The melting point is indefinite, being about 78-80 C.

This compound is assigned the probable structure:

c1oH.cm0-crr on HCOAc HCiOAc AcOGH l v0 AcOCH H(|J V AcOI JH Hr: E

('lHzOA umen EXAMPLE, 11

Heptaacetyl-p-d- (gamma-chloropropyl) ldctoszde This .lactosidem'ay be prepared in a manner similar to that described under Example 10, ex-

cept that trimethylene chlorohydrin is used in place of ethylene chlorohydrin.

The heptaacetyl p d -(gamma-chloropropyl) lactoside, after repeated purification, melts around C.

The probable formula is:

18 g. propylene chlorohydrin (chloro-isopropyl alcohol), 5 g. silver carbonate and 5 g. fi-acetobromolactose are mixed together and a lively evolution of carbon dioxide takes place. The mixture is allowed to stand overnight at room temperature in complete. darkness.

The silver salts are filtered oil and are washed with some hot absolute alcohol. The alcoholfiltrate is chilled and cold water is'added, whereupon a gummy mass is thrown out. The clearsupernatant liquid is decanted and the gummy residueis washed several times with ice-water. The gummy material is then dissolved in a small amountiof hot absolute alcohol, which is then chilled and treated cautiously with cold water. Rubbing of the side of the flask with a glass rod aids in the formation of the white, solid condensate which is then worked up in the usual manner. Several recrystallizations from cloroform by throwing out with petroleum ether gives heptaaeetyl-s-d-(ct-methyl B chloroethyl) lactoside melting at C,

The structure of this compound is believed to be OHa ClOHzEP-O-EH CH 7 HOAc H 'JOAc AcOGH AcOCH Hj AcO H m; HC-

( JHsOAc OHaOAG EXAMPLE 13 Tetraacetlll-fl-d-(p-bromoethyl) 'g alactoside l8 g.ethylene bromohydrin, 5 g. fl-acetobromogalactose and 5 g. silver carbonate are mixed together and allowed to stand overnight in complete darknesswith occasional shaking. A modnoose".

AcO H AcO H v EXAMPLE 14 H 4, yZ-fi-d- (fi-ohloroethyl) 'gizlactosijde This galactoside is prepared in a manner similar to Example 13, except that ethylenechlorohydrin is'u sed in'place of the ethylene bromohydrin of Example 13. After recrystallization from hot water, the tetraacetyl-[i-d-(,B-chloroethyl) galactoside has amelting point of 117 C.

The probable'formula is:

memento- H HCOAc A CH Aco on no inge ie EXAMPLE 15 H Tetraacetyl-fl-d- (gammaechZoropropyl') galactoside j o I 4 g. fi acetobromogalactose,5. g; silver carbonate and 18 g. trimethylene .chlorohydrin are mixed together. and allowed: toreact at room temperature in total darkness. v The reaction is not as vigorous asiwith the ethylene halohydrins. The remainder of the preparation isthe same as described under, Example 13. Recrystallized. from hot water, the tetraacetyl-padrwamma 'chloropropyl), galactoside melts at 78 C.

The probable structure 1st,.

Tetraacetyl-p-dm-methyl-p-chloro -ethyl) glucoside 5 g. silver carbonate, '7 g. B-acetobromoglucoSe and. 20 g. propylene chlorohydrinare combined togetherin a flask and. allowed to react together for several days. The silver salts are filtered off, washed with hot alcohol, and water is added to the filtrate. A mobile syrup will separate, which is washed several times with cold water. Crystals are obtained by solution of; the syrup in a small amount of absolute alcohol andremoval of the: solvent gradually by vacuum. The crystalsso obtained melt at'.'11;3 g

, This compound-has the formular i LQ Q' i H-Q-f ii; 7V H n Aeoon 7 1r oils H6" onzoAc The invention maybe variously otherwise embodied, within the scope of the appended claims.

We claim: V

I inclusive. 9

"lxGlycoside's of the general formula" H%@H f wberein:RO-.1- is the glycoside radiclezof a polyacyl saccharide, R'iis amember of the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl and halolower-alkyl, and. n is. a Whole number from "1 'to 9 inclusive A M f 2. Glycoside-s of the general formula RQ OH (CHz)ha logen V R! r K v wherein R-O- is the glycoside ra dicle of a polyacyl saccharide, R is a member of the'group consisting ,of hydrogen, lower alkyl and. halolower-alkyl, and n is a whole numberfroml to 4 inclusive. 7 I 7 3. Glycosides of the generalformula' a-o 'on-(onm -haio n l 7 RI wherein RO- is the glycoside radicle of a polyacyl disaccharide R is a member of the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl and halo-lower-alkyl, and n is a whole number from 1 to 4 inclusive.

4. Glycosides of the general formula R0(|3H(OH2),.halogen wherein is the 'glycoside radicle of a, polyacyl saccharide, R is a halo-lower-alkyl, and

n is a whole number from 1 to 4 inclusive. 5. Glycosidesof the'general formula R-O'CH(OHz)nhalogen wherein is the 'glycoside radicle of a polyacetyl saccharicle, R is a member. of the. group consisting ofyhyolrogen, lower-.alkyl and halolower-alkyLand n isa'wholenumber from l to 4 inclusive. I r

6. Glycosides of the gener'al formula RO Cl H-(OHz);.-.halogen 11 wherein n o is the glycoside ra'dicle of 1a polybenzoyl saccharide', R is a member of the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl' and number from halo-lower-alkylgand n is a whole its 4 inclusive.

Glycosides of the general formula RO+(|lH (C-H2)n.Ol

wherein RO- is the glycoside radicle" of a polyacyl saccharide, R is a member of the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl and halolowfer-alkyl, and n is a whole number from 1 to 4 inclusive. 1 1

8. Glycosides of the general formula R O(|'JH'(CHz)nBr wherein R 'O- is the glycoside radicle of a polyacyl saccharide, R is a member of the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl' and halolower alkyl, and n isa whole number from 1 to 4 y l- IAROLD W. coins. MARY I nopns. v 

